| Tablet Cozaar - Losartan potassium is an anti hypertensive dru
Belongs to the group Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker - ARB
The IUPAC name of Losartan is (2-butyl-4-chloro-1-{[2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl}-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methanol.
The brand Cozaar is manufactured by the Merck Healthcare pharmaceuticals
The other brands available for Losartan are anza, losar, Oscaar etc etc…
Losartan is available in combination with hydrochlorothiazide as Hyzaar, Anzaplus and Oscaar plus
ARBs are also used to reduce protein leak into the urine are also called as nephro- protectors. This is mostly prescribed to Diabetic and hypertensive patients to delay the onset of DM and Hypertensive nephropathy.
Pharmacology
The formula of Losartan is C22 H23 CIN6 O
Physical properties are white crystalline powder, soluble in water and alcohol
The drug is heavily bound to the protein
Bio-availability is 25-35%
Gets metabolized in liver, gets excreted by urine and bile.
Usage/ Indication and Dosage
Cozaar- Losartan is used as anti hypertensive, along with diet and life style modification
Indicated in Nephropathies especially secondary to DM and BP
Beneficial in BP patients with LVH (left ventricle hypertrophy)
Cozaar is available in the following strengths and forms
Cozaar 25 mg, Cozaar 50 mg, Cozaar 100 mg
Losartan 50 mg, Losartan 100 mg
The appropriate Dosage will be calculated by your physician
Can be used as mono therapy or in combination with other anti-hypertensives monotherapy Cozaar 50 mg is started as once daily dosage, and uptitrated to twice daily, on inadequate control Cozaar 100 mg can be used as once or twice daily regimen or along with other hypertensive medication as HCTZ, beta blockers.
The maximum dose of Cozaar available now is 100 mg
Mechanism Of Action Losartan is a Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker – ARB. As the name implies this prevents the conversion of angiotensin I to II which is a potent vaso constrictor, which are responsible for the contraction, hence keeping the cardiac muscle, blood vessel’s wall relaxed, hence by decreasing peripheral resistance, prevents the blood pressure from rising.
Side/ Adverse effects of Cozaar - Losartan
Edema, as bipedal edema
Headache, Nausea, giddiness
Flushing or hot flushes
As compare to the ACE inhibitors they don’t cause dry cough.
Precaution and contra indication In severely hypotensive
In IHD and MI
To be used cautiously in patients with the following
-Renal and Hepatic disorders
-Pediatric and geriatric age group
- In pregnancy and lactation
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