Hyzaar

Tablet Hyzaar - Losartan + HCTZ potassium is an anti hypertensive drug
Belongs to the group Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker – ARB in combination with Hydrochlorothiazide.
The IUPAC name of Losartan + HCTZ is (2-butyl-4-chloro-1-{[2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl}-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methanol.
+ 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide
The brand Hyzaar is manufactured by the Merck Healthcare pharmaceuticals
The other brands available for Losartan + HCTZ are anzaplus, Oscaar plus etc etc…
ARBs are also used to reduce protein leak into the urine are also called as nephro- protectors. This is mostly prescribed to Diabetic and hypertensive patients to delay the onset of DM and Hypertensive nephropathy.
This needs to be taken during the day time as in the night it will make you urinate often and may disturb the sleep. Since this increases urine output, during summer you may feel exhausted. Special care to be taken when you go out, or when you go for morning jog.

Pharmacology

The formula of Losartan + HCTZ is C22 H23 CIN6 O + C7 H8 CIN3 O4 S2
Physical properties are white crystalline powder, soluble in water and alcohol
The drug is heavily bound to the protein
Bio-availability is 25-35%
Gets metabolized in liver, gets excreted by urine and bile.
The HCTZ gets absorbed by the GIT and does not metabolize, mostly are excreted in the urine.

Usage/ Indication and Dosage

Hyzaar- Losartan + HCTZ is used as anti hypertensive, along with diet and life style modification
Indicated in Nephropathies especially secondary to DM and BP
Beneficial in BP patients with LVH (left ventricle hypertrophy)
Hyzaar is available in the following strengths and forms
Hyzaar 50-12.5 mg, Hyzaar 100-25mg
Losartan + HCTZ 50-12.5 mg, Losartan + HCTZ  100-25 mg
The appropriate Dosage will be calculated by your physician
Can be used as mono therapy or in combination with other anti-hypertensives monotherapy Hyzaar 50-12.5 mg  is started as once daily dosage, and uptitrated to twice daily, on inadequate control Hyzaar 100-25 mg can be used as once or twice daily regimen or along with other hypertensive medication as HCTZ, beta blockers.
The maximum dose of Hyzaar available now is 100-25 mg

Mechanism Of Action

Losartan + HCTZ is a Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker – ARB. As the name implies this prevents the conversion of angiotensin I to II which is a potent vaso constrictor, which are responsible for the contraction, hence keeping the cardiac muscle, blood vessel’s wall relaxed, hence by decreasing peripheral resistance, prevents the blood pressure from rising.
Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic, this blocks the re-absorption of slats like Na and Cl2 from the the distal tubules of kidneys thereby reducing the fluid volume in the ECF or in the blood vessels, which decreases volume load in the vessels thereby controlling blood pressure optimally.
Since this plays around with fluid homeostasis, you have to be very careful about the dosage, with 12.5mg there will not be any Potassium loss, but with higher doses, better to have a prescription from your doctor. Keeping this in mind please do not take potassium supplements with out your physician’s advise

Side/ Adverse effects of Hyzaar - Losartan + HCTZ  

Edema, as bipedal edema
Headache, Nausea, giddiness
Flushing or hot flushes
As compare to the ACE inhibitors they don’t cause dry cough.

Precaution and contra indication

In severely hypotensive
In IHD and MI
DM2 and hypoglycemia
Dehydrated patients
In AGE or Diarrhea and vomiting
In patients with electrolyte imbalance
To be used cautiously in patients with the following
-Renal and Hepatic disorders
-Pediatric and geriatric age group
- In pregnancy and lactation

Where and how to buy Hyzaar

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